Contents

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Preface

Intended Audience

Documentation Accessibility

Organization

Related Documents

Conventions

1 Introduction

What is High Availability

High Availability in Oracle Application Server

Types of Failures

Organization of this Guide

High Availability Information in Other Documentation

2 Middle Tier High Availability

OracleAS Middle Tier Overview

OracleAS Middle Tier Terminology

Services Available

J2EE

HTTP

Portal

Business Intelligence

Oracle Application Server Forms Services

Single Sign-On

Caching

Features and Components for Middle Tier High Availability

Oracle Application Server Instance High Availability

Oracle Application Server Clusters

Types of Oracle Application Server Clusters

Cluster-Wide Configuration for Oracle Application Server Clusters that are Managed Using a Repository

Requirements for Oracle Application Server Instances to Join Oracle Application Server Clusters that are Managed Using a Repository

Properties of Oracle Application Server Instances in Oracle Application Server Clusters that are Managed Using a Repository

Oracle Application Server Web Cache Clusters

OC4J Islands

Web Application Session State Replication with OC4J Islands

Web Application Session State Protecting Against Software Problems

Web Application Session State Replication Protecting Against Hardware Problems

Configuring OC4J Islands With High Availability

Stateful Session EJB High Availability Using EJB Clustering

JNDI Namespace Replication

OC4J Distributed Caching Using Java Object Cache

Process Monitoring and Restart

Oracle Process Manager

Oracle Notification System

High Availability Through Distributed Configuration

Other High Availability Components

Improving Availability with an External Load Balancer

Types of External Load Balancers

High Availablity Benefits of External Load Balancing

Improving Availability with Operating System Clusters

HTTP Service High Availability

Web Cache and Oracle HTTP Server High Availability Summary

OC4J Load Balancing Using mod_oc4j

OC4J Load Balancing Using Local Afinity and Weighted Routing Options

Choosing a mod_oc4j Routing Algorithm

J2EE High Availability

EJB Client Routing

Oracle Application Server Portal High Availability

Oracle Application Server Wireless High Availability

Business Intelligence High Availability

Oracle Application Server Reports Services High Availability

High Availability Solution

Oracle Application Server Discoverer High Availability

Oracle Application Server Forms Services High Availability

Oracle Application Server Integration High Availability

Middle Tier Recovery Solutions

Restarting Processes

Restoring from Cold Backup

Restoring from Online Backup

Disaster Recovery

DCM Archive/Recover

Cloning

3 Infrastructure High Availability

Oracle Application Server Infrastructure Overview

Oracle Application Server Infrastructure Components

Oracle Application Server Metadata Repository

When to Use Oracle Application Server Metadata Repository

Oracle Identity Management

Oracle Internet Directory

Oracle Application Server Single Sign-On

Oracle HTTP Server

Oracle Application Server Containers for J2EE (OC4J)

Oracle Enterprise Manager - Application Server Console

High Availability Configurations for Infrastructure

Oracle Application Server Cold Failover Cluster

Terminology

Hardware Cluster

Failover

Primary Node

Secondary Node

Logical or Virtual IP

Virtual Hostname

Shared Storage

Architecture

Middle Tier on OracleAS Cold Failover Cluster Nodes

Oracle Application Server Active Failover Cluster (Limited Release)

Load Balancer Configuration

4 Managing and Operating Middle Tier High Availability

Middle Tier High Availability Configuration Overview

Configuration Overview OracleAS Clusters Managed Using a Repository

Oracle Application Server Clusters Managed Using Database Repository

Oracle Application Server Clusters Managed Using File-Based Repository

Common Tasks for OracleAS Cluster Configuration

Manually Configured OracleAS Clusters Configuration Overview

OracleAS Web Cache Cluster Overview

Managing and Configuring OracleAS Clusters

Creating and Managing OracleAS Clusters

Associating an Instance with a Farm

Associating an Instance to be Managed Using a Database Repository

Associating an Instance to be Managed Using a File-Based Repository

Creating OracleAS Clusters Using Application Server Control

Managing OracleAS Clusters Using Application Server Control

Managing Application Server Instances in an OracleAS Cluster

Adding an Application Server Instance to an OracleAS Cluster

Removing an Application Server Instance from an OracleAS Cluster

Using a File-Based Repository with OracleAS Clusters

Initializing File-Based Repository Host and Adding Instances to a Farm

Testing an Instance With whichFarm and Leaving a Farm

Initializing the Repository Host Instance for a File-Based Repository

Joining a Farm Managed Using a File-Based Repository

Managing Instances in a Farm That Uses a File-Based Repository

Managing Oracle Application Server Instances and Clusters With a File-Based Repository

Availability Issues for OracleAS Clusters With a File-Based Repository

Exporting and Importing Configuration Information With a File-Based Repository

Moving an Instance Between Repositories

Moving to a Database-Based Repository

Moving to Another File-Based Repository

Security - Configuring SSL For Instances With a File-Based Repository

Generate the Keystore

Set Up the Keystore Information File on Each Instance in the Farm

Enable SSL By Configuring dcmCache.xml

Restart Each Instance in the Farm

OC4J Configuration with an OracleAS Cluster

Overview of OracleAS Cluster Configuration for OC4J Instances

Cluster-Wide Configuration Changes and Modifying OC4J Instances

Creating or Deleting OC4J Instances on OracleAS Clusters

Deploying Applications on OracleAS Clusters

Configuring Web Application State Replication for OracleAS Clusters

Configuring EJB Application State Replication for OracleAS Clusters

Configuring Stateful Session Bean Replication for OracleAS Clusters

End of Call Replication

JVM Termination Replication

Configuring OC4J Instance-Specific Parameters

Configuring OC4J Islands and OC4J Processes

Configuring Port Numbers and Command Line Options

Oracle HTTP Server Configuration with OracleAS Clusters

mod_oc4j Load Balancing With OracleAS Clusters

Load Balancing Overview

Setting Load Balancing Options

Configuring Oracle HTTP Server Instance-Specific Parameters

Security - Configuring Single Sign-On

Advanced Clustering Configuration

Routing Between Instances in Same Farm

Routing Between Instances Across Firewalls

Opening Intranet Communication through the OracleAS Port Tunnel

Opening OracleAS Ports To Communicate Through Intranet

5 Managing Infrastructure High Availability

Oracle Application Server Cold Failover Cluster

Starting Up

Stopping

Oracle Application Server Active Failover Cluster (Limited Release)

Starting Up

Shutting Down

Monitoring

Failing Over During an Outage

Restoring Resiliency After an Outage

Synchronizing Configuration Files Using the Oracle Application Server Active Failover Cluster Runtime Control Utility (afcctl)

Setting Up afcctl

Obtain the afcctl Utility

Install the afcctl Utility

Using afcctl

Setting the Default Baseline Timestamp

Synchronizing Files From a Node to Other Nodes in an OracleAS Active Failover Cluster

Listing Modified Files on a Node Since the Last Synchronization

Excluding Specific Configuration Files from Synchronization

Example

Best Practises for Using afcctl

6 Oracle Application Server Disaster Recovery

Oracle Application Server Disaster Recovery Solution

Terminology

Requirements

Topology

Setting Up the OracleAS Disaster Recovery Environment

Planning and Assigning Hostnames

Physical Hostnames

Logical Hostnames

Virtual Hostname

Configuring Hostname Resolution

Using Local Hostnaming File Resolution

Using DNS Resolution

Additional DNS Server Entries for Oracle Data Guard

Secure Shell (SSH) Port Forwarding

Installing Oracle Application Server Software

Setting Up Oracle Data Guard

Enable ARCHIVELOG Mode for Production Database

Identifying the Production Database Datafiles

Make a Copy of the Production Database

Create a Control File for the Standby Database

Prepare the Initialization Parameter File to be Copied to the Standby Database

Copy Files from the Production System to the Standby System

Set Initialization Parameters for the Physical Standby Database

Create a Windows Service (for Microsoft Windows systems)

Create a New Password File on the Standby System

Configure Listeners for the Production and Standby Databases

Enable Dead Connection Detection on the Standby System

Create Oracle Net Service Names

Create a Server Parameter File for the Standby Database

Start the Physical Standby Database

Enable Archiving to the Physical Standby Database

Start Remote Archiving

Verify the Physical Standby Database

Synchronizing Baseline Installation with Standby Site

Backing Up Production Site

Shipping Infrastructure Database Archive Logs

Backing Up Configuration Files (Infrastructure and Middle Tier)

Restoring to Standby Site

Restoring Configuration Files (Infrastructure and Middle Tier)

Restoring the Infrastructure Database - Applying Log Files

Scheduled Outages

Site Switchover Operations

Unplanned Outages

Site Failover Operations

Setting Up the New Standby Database

Wide Area DNS Operations

Using a Wide Area Load Balancer

Manually Changing DNS Names

A Setting Up a DNS Server

Index