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Oracle® Database Net Services Administrator's Guide
11g Release 1 (11.1)
Part Number B28316-04
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Contents
Title and Copyright Information
Preface
Audience
Documentation Accessibility
Related Documentation
Conventions
What's New in Oracle Net Services?
Oracle Database 11
g
New Features in Oracle Net Services
Part I Getting Started with Oracle Net Services
1
Introduction to Oracle Net Services
1.1
About Oracle Net Services
1.1.1
Connectivity
1.1.2
Manageability
1.1.3
Internet and Intranet Scalability
1.1.4
Performance Between the Middle Tier and Oracle Database
1.1.5
Network Security
1.2
A Suite of Networking Components
1.2.1
Oracle Net
1.2.2
Oracle Net Listener
1.2.3
Oracle Connection Manager
1.2.4
Networking Tools
1.2.5
Oracle Advanced Security
2
Quick Start to Oracle Net Connections
2.1
Prerequisites to Establishing Connectivity
2.2
Task 1: Confirm Network Availability
2.3
Task 2: Start Oracle Net Listener and the Oracle Database Server
2.4
Task 3: Configure the Client for Connection to a Database
2.5
Task 4: Connect to the Database
3
Connectivity Concepts
3.1
Database Service and Database Instance Identification
3.1.1
Database Services
3.1.2
Database Instances
3.2
Service Accessibility
3.2.1
Protocol Address
3.2.2
Connect Data
3.3
Enhanced Service Accessibility with Multiple Listeners
3.3.1
Connect-Time Failover
3.3.2
Transparent Application Failover
3.3.3
Client Load Balancing
3.3.4
Connection Load Balancing
3.4
Service Handlers
3.4.1
Dispatchers
3.4.2
Dedicated Server Processes
3.4.3
Database Resident Connection Pooling
3.5
Naming
4
Configuration Management Concepts
4.1
Configuration Models
4.2
Localized Configuration File Support
4.3
Directory Server Support
4.3.1
Directory Naming Overview
4.3.2
Naming Configuration Storage in a Directory Server
4.3.3
Net Service Alias Entries
4.3.4
Directory Entries
4.3.5
Adding or Modifying Entries in the Directory Server
4.3.6
Client Connections Using Directory Naming
4.3.7
Oracle Net Configuration and Directory Server Design
4.3.8
Limitations of Directory Naming Support with Microsoft Active Directory
5
Architecture of Oracle Net Services
5.1
Oracle Net Stack Communication Architecture
5.1.1
Stack Communication for Client/Server Application Connections
5.1.2
Stack Communication for Java Application Connections
5.1.3
Stack Communication for Web Client Connections
5.2
Listener Architecture
5.3
Database Server Process Architecture
5.3.1
Shared Server Processes
5.3.2
Dedicated Server Processes
5.4
Oracle Connection Manager Architecture
5.5
A Complete Architecture
6
Configuration and Administration Tools Overview
6.1
User Interface Tools
6.1.1
Oracle Enterprise Manager
6.1.2
Oracle Net Manager
6.1.3
Selecting When to Use Oracle Enterprise Manager and Oracle Net Manager
6.1.4
Oracle Net Configuration Assistant
6.2
Oracle Net Control Utilities
6.2.1
Listener Control Utility
6.2.2
Oracle Connection Manager Control Utility
6.3
Duties of a Network Administrator
Part II Configuration and Administration of Oracle Net Services
7
Planning the Network
7.1
Deploying a Network Inside an Organization
7.1.1
Scalability
7.1.2
Availability
7.1.3
Naming Methods
7.1.4
JDBC Drivers
7.1.5
Security
7.1.6
Tuning and Performance
7.2
Deploying a Network for the Internet
7.2.1
Scalability
7.2.2
Availability
7.2.3
Naming Methods
7.2.4
JDBC Drivers
7.2.5
Security
7.3
Naming Considerations
7.4
Performance Considerations
7.4.1
Listener Queue Size
7.4.2
Session Data Unit Size for Data Transfer Optimization
7.4.3
Persistent Buffer Flushing for TCP/IP
7.5
Planning Summary
8
Configuring Naming Methods
8.1
Naming Method Configuration Overview
8.2
About Connect Descriptors
8.2.1
Naming Methods
8.3
Using the Easy Connect Naming Method
8.4
Configuring the Local Naming Method
8.4.1
Configuring the tnsnames.ora File During Installation
8.4.2
Configuring the tnsnames.ora File After Installation
8.5
Configuring the Directory Naming Method
8.5.1
Directory Naming Method Configuration Steps
8.5.2
Administering the OracleNetAdmins Group
8.5.3
Exporting Local Naming Entries to a Directory Naming Server
8.5.4
Creating Multiple Default Contexts in a Directory Naming Server
8.5.5
Exporting Directory Naming Entries to a tnsnames.ora File
8.6
Configuring External Naming Methods
8.6.1
Network Information Service
8.6.2
Distributed Computing Environment (DCE) Cell Directory Service (CDS)
9
Configuring Profiles
9.1
Profile Configuration Overview
9.2
Profile Configuration During Installation
9.3
Configuring Client Attributes for Names Resolution
9.3.1
Configuring a Default Domain for Clients
9.3.2
Prioritizing Naming Methods
9.3.3
Routing Connection Requests
9.4
Configuring Database Access Control
9.5
Configuring Advanced Profile Information
9.6
Configuring External Naming Methods
9.7
Configuring Oracle Advanced Security
10
Configuring and Administering Oracle Net Listener
10.1
Oracle Net Listener Configuration Overview
10.2
Oracle Net Listener Configuration During Installation
10.3
Customizing Oracle Net Listener Configuration
10.3.1
Configuring Listening Protocol Addresses
10.3.2
Configuring Access to Oracle JServer
10.3.3
Handling Large Volumes of Concurrent Connection Requests
10.3.4
Configuring Static Service Information
10.3.5
Default Oracle Net Listener Administration
10.4
Configuring Service Registration
10.4.1
Configuring Service Registration
10.4.2
Registering Information with the Default, Local Listener
10.4.3
Registering Information with a Nondefault Listener
10.4.4
Registering Information with a Remote Listener
10.4.5
Configuring a Naming Method
10.5
Listener Administration
10.5.1
Starting and Stopping a Listener
10.5.2
Determining the Current Status of a Listener
10.5.3
Monitoring Services of a Listener
10.5.4
Monitoring Listener Log Files
11
Configuring and Administering Oracle Connection Manager
11.1
Oracle Connection Manager Configuration Overview
11.2
Configuring Oracle Connection Manager
11.2.1
Configuring the Oracle Connection Manager Computer
11.2.2
Configuring Clients for Oracle Connection Manager
11.2.3
Configuring the Oracle Database Server for Oracle Connection Manager
11.3
Enabling Oracle Connection Manager Features
11.3.1
Enabling Session Multiplexing
11.3.2
Enabling Access Control
11.4
Migrating cman.ora from Oracle9
i
to Oracle Database 11
g
12
Configuring Dispatchers
12.1
Configuring Dispatchers
12.2
Enabling Connection Pooling
12.3
Enabling Session Multiplexing
12.4
Grouping Services by Dispatcher
12.5
Configuring Clients for Environments Using Both Dedicated Server and Shared Server
13
Enabling Advanced Features of Oracle Net Services
13.1
Configuring Advanced Network Address and Connect Data Information
13.1.1
Creating a List of Listener Protocol Addresses
13.1.2
Configuring Address List Parameters
13.1.3
Configuring Advanced Connect Data Parameters
13.2
Configuring Connection Load Balancing
13.2.1
Example: Connection Pool Load Balancing for Shared Server Configuration
13.2.2
Example: Connection Pool Load Balancing for Dedicated Server Configuration
13.3
Configuring Transparent Application Failover
13.3.1
About TAF
13.3.2
What TAF Restores
13.3.3
TAF Database Configurations
13.3.4
FAILOVER_MODE Parameters
13.3.5
TAF Implementation
13.3.6
TAF Verification
13.4
Specifying the Instance Role for Primary and Secondary Instance Configurations
13.5
Configuring Connections to Non-Oracle Database Services
13.5.1
Default Configuration for External Procedures
13.5.2
Configuring Oracle Net Services for Oracle Heterogeneous Services
13.5.3
Configuring Oracle Net Services for an Oracle Rdb Database
14
Optimizing Performance
14.1
Configuring Session Data Unit
14.2
Configuring I/O Buffer Space
14.3
Configuring SDP Protocol Support for Infiniband Network Communication to the Database Server
14.4
Configuring the Listener and the Oracle Database To Limit Resource Consumption By Unauthorized Users
Part III Testing and Troubleshooting Oracle Net Services
15
Establishing a Network and Testing the Connection
15.1
Connecting to a Database
15.1.1
Starting Oracle Net Services Components
15.1.2
Entering a Connect String
15.1.3
Initiating Connections
15.2
Testing the Network
15.2.1
Testing a Listener
15.2.2
Testing Oracle Connection Manager
15.2.3
Testing Configuration on the Database Server
15.2.4
Testing Network Connectivity from the Client
16
Troubleshooting Oracle Net Services
16.1
Diagnosing Oracle Net Services
16.1.1
Automatic Diagnostic Repository
16.1.2
ADRCI: ADR Command Interpreter
16.1.3
Server Diagnostics
16.1.4
Client Diagnostics
16.2
Resolving the Most Common Error Messages for Oracle Net Services
16.2.1
Troubleshooting Directory Naming Errors
16.3
Troubleshooting Tips from the Field for Oracle Net Services
16.3.1
Questions to Ask When Troubleshooting Oracle Net Services
16.4
Troubleshooting the TNS-12154 Error
16.4.1
Problem Description for TNS-12154
16.4.2
Troubleshooting TNS-12154 on UNIX
16.5
Troubleshooting Network Problems Using Log and Trace Files
16.6
Logging Error Information for Oracle Net Services
16.6.1
Oracle Net Error Stacks
16.6.2
Oracle Net Services Log File Names
16.6.3
Setting Logging Parameters
16.6.4
Setting Logging Settings During Runtime of Control Utilities
16.6.5
Using Log Files
16.6.6
Analyzing Listener Log Files
16.6.7
Analyzing Oracle Connection Manager Logs
16.7
Tracing Error Information for Oracle Net Services
16.7.1
Oracle Net Services Trace File Names
16.7.2
Setting Tracing Parameters
16.7.3
Setting Tracing Settings During Runtime of Control Utilities
16.7.4
Evaluating Oracle Net Services Traces
16.7.5
Using the Trace Assistant to Examine Trace Files
16.8
Contacting Oracle Support Services
Glossary
Index
