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Oracle® Database 2 Day + Real Application Clusters Guide
11g Release 1 (11.1)
Part Number B28252-03
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Contents
List of Tables
Title and Copyright Information
Preface
Audience
Documentation Accessibility
Related Documents
Conventions
1
Introduction to Oracle Database 2 Day + Real Application Clusters Guide
About This Guide
What This Guide Is Not
Related Materials
Oracle Real Application Clusters Documentation Overview
Useful Oracle RAC Guides
About Oracle Clusterware and Oracle Real Application Clusters
About Automatic Storage Management
Tools for Installing, Configuring, and Managing Oracle RAC
Installing Oracle RAC on Different Operating Systems
2
Preparing Your Cluster
About Checking Requirements
About Checking Hardware Requirements
About Identifying Network Requirements
Verifying Operating System and Software Requirements
Preparing the Server
Configuring Operating System Users and Groups
Configuring Secure Shell
Generating RSA and DSA Keys
Adding the Keys to an Authorized Key File
Configuring SSH User Equivalency
About Configuring the Operating System Environment
Configuring the Network
Verifying the Network Configuration
Preparing the Operating System and Software
About Setting the Time on Both Nodes
About Configuring Kernel Parameters
About Performing Platform-Specific Configuration Tasks
Configuring Installation Directories and Shared Storage
About Deciding on a Shared Storage Solution
Configuring Block Devices for Oracle Clusterware Files
Creating a Udev Permissions File for Oracle Clusterware
About Choosing an Oracle Base Directory
About Choosing an Oracle Clusterware Home Directory
3
Installing and Configuring Oracle Clusterware and Oracle RAC
Preparing the Oracle Media Installation File
Installing Oracle Clusterware 11
g
Configuring the Operating System Environment
Verifying the Configuration Using the Cluster Verification Utility
Using Oracle Universal Installer to Install Oracle Clusterware
Completing the Oracle Clusterware Configuration
Configuring Automatic Storage Management in an ASM Home Directory
Verifying Your ASM Installation
Installing the Oracle Database Software and Creating a Cluster Database
Verifying Your Oracle RAC Database Installation
Configuring the Operating System Environment for Database Management
Updating the oratab File
Reconfiguring the User Shell Profile
Performing Postinstallation Tasks
About Verifying the Oracle Clusterware Installation
About Backing Up the Voting Disk
About Downloading and Installing RDBMS Patches
Verifying Oracle Enterprise Manager Operations
Recommended Postinstallation Tasks
About Backing Up the root.sh Script
About Configuring User Accounts
Converting an Oracle Database to an Oracle RAC Database
Preparing for Database Conversion
Overview of the Database Conversion Process Using Grid Control
Overview of the Database Conversion Process Using
rconfig
4
Administering Database Instances and Cluster Databases
About Oracle RAC Database Management
Oracle RAC and Enterprise Manager
Overview of Oracle Real Application Clusters: Oracle By Example Series
Starting and Stopping Oracle RAC Databases and Database Instances
About Oracle RAC Initialization Parameters
Configuring Initialization Parameters for an Oracle RAC Database
Parameters that Must Have Identical Settings on All Instances
Parameters that Must Have Unique Settings on All Instances
Parameters that Should Have Identical Settings on All Instances
Editing Initialization Parameter Settings for an Oracle RAC Database
Modifying the Initialization Parameter for Oracle RAC Using the Current Tab
Modifying the Initialization Parameter for Oracle RAC Using the SPFile Tab
Example: Modifying the OPEN_CURSORS Parameter
About Modifying the SERVICE_NAMES Parameter for Oracle RAC
About the Server Parameter File for Oracle Real Application Clusters
About Administering Storage in Oracle RAC
About Automatic Undo Management in Oracle RAC
About Automatic Storage Management in Oracle RAC
About ASM Components in Oracle RAC
About Disk Group Configurations for ASM in Oracle RAC
About Standalone ASM Disk Group Management
About ASM Instance and Disk Group Management Using Enterprise Manager
About Administering Redo Logs in Oracle RAC
About Redo Log Groups and Redo Threads in Oracle RAC Databases
Using Enterprise Manager to View and Create Online Redo Log Files
Exploring Your Cluster Database: Oracle By Example Series
5
Administering Oracle Clusterware Components
About Oracle Clusterware
About Backing Up and Recovering Voting Disks
Backing Up Voting Disks
Recovering Voting Disks
Adding and Removing Voting Disks
About Backing Up and Recovering the Oracle Cluster Registry
Viewing Available OCR Backups
Backing Up the OCR
About Recovering the OCR
Checking the Status of the OCR
Restoring the OCR from Automatically Generated OCR Backups
Recovering the OCR from an OCR Export File
About Changing the Oracle Cluster Registry Configuration
Adding an OCR Location
Replacing an OCR
Repairing an OCR Configuration on a Local Node
Removing an OCR
About Troubleshooting the Oracle Cluster Registry
About the OCRCHECK Utility
Resolving Common Oracle Cluster Registry Problems
6
Administering Backup and Recovery
Overview of Oracle RAC Database Backup and Recovery
About the Flash Recovery Area in Oracle RAC
About Archiving in Oracle RAC
Configuring Archiving for Your Oracle RAC Database
About Instance Access to Archived Redo Log Files
Credentials for Performing Enterprise Manager Backup and Recovery
About Configuring Backup Settings
Performing Backups of Your Oracle RAC Database
About Parallelism and Backups Across Multiple Channels
Backing Up Archived Redo Log Files
About Preparing to Restore and Recover Your Oracle RAC Database
About Configuring Access to the Archive Log
About Putting the Oracle RAC Database Instances into the Correct State
Recovering Your Oracle RAC Database
Recovering the Oracle RAC Database Using Enterprise Manager
Recovering the Parameter File from an Automatic File Backup
About Restoring Archived Redo Log File Files
About Performing Recovery Using Parallelism
About Managing Your Database Backup Files
Displaying Backup Reports for Your Oracle RAC Database
Performing Backups and Recovering Your Database: Oracle By Example Series
7
Managing Database Workload Using Services
About Workload Management
About Oracle Services
About Configuring Services for High Availability
About the Database Resource Manager
About Oracle RAC High Availability Framework
About the Load Balancing Advisory
About Connection Load Balancing
Client-Side Load Balancing
Server-Side Load Balancing
About Runtime Connection Load Balancing
About Fast Application Notification (FAN)
About FAN Callouts
Creating Services
Configuring Oracle Net to Support Services
Administering Services
About Service Administration Using Enterprise Manager
Using the Cluster Managed Database Services Page
Using the Cluster Managed Database Services Detail Page
Configuring Service-Level Thresholds
Configuring Clients for Failover
Configuring JDBC Client Failover
Configuring OCI Client Failover
Configuring ODP.NET Client Failover
Transparent Application Failover: Oracle By Example Series
8
Monitoring Performance and Troubleshooting
About Monitoring Oracle RAC Database and Cluster Performance
Automatic Database Diagnostic Monitor and Oracle RAC Performance
Viewing ADDM for Oracle RAC Findings
About the Cluster Database Performance Page
Viewing the Chart for Cluster Host Load Average
Viewing the Chart for Global Cache Block Access Latency
Viewing the Chart for Average Active Sessions
Viewing the Database Throughput Chart
Viewing the Services Chart
Viewing the Active Sessions by Instance Chart
Viewing Other Performance Related Charts
Accessing the Cluster Cache Coherency Page
Accessing the Top Consumers Page
Accessing the Top Sessions Page
Accessing the Top Activity Page
Accessing the Instance Activity Page
Accessing the Top Segments Page
Accessing the Database Locks Page
Viewing the Cluster Database Topology
Monitoring Oracle Clusterware
Accessing the Oracle Clusterware Information
Reviewing the Oracle Clusterware Home Page
About the Cluster Performance Page
About the Cluster Targets Page
About the Cluster Interconnects Page
About the Cluster Topology Page
Troubleshooting Configuration Problems in Oracle RAC Environments
Using CRSCTL to Diagnose Cluster Issues
Location of the Oracle Clusterware Alert Log
Location of the Oracle Clusterware Component Log Files
Checking the Status of the Oracle Clusterware Installation
Running the Oracle Clusterware Diagnostics Collection Script
Enabling Debugging of Oracle Clusterware Components
Enabling Debugging for an Oracle Clusterware Resource
Enabling and Disabling Oracle Clusterware Daemons
Using the Cluster Verification Utility to Diagnose Problems
Verifying the Existence of Node Applications
Verifying the Integrity of Oracle Clusterware Components
Verifying the Integrity of the Oracle Cluster Registry
Verifying the Integrity of Your Entire Cluster
Checking the Settings for the Interconnect
Enabling Tracing
Viewing Oracle RAC Database Alerts
Viewing Oracle RAC Database Alert Log Messages
9
Adding and Deleting Nodes and Instances
About Preparing Access to the New Node
Extending the Oracle Clusterware Home Directory
Extending the Automatic Storage Management Home Directory
Extending the Oracle RAC Home Directory
Adding an Instance to the Cluster Database
Deleting an Instance From the Cluster Database
10
Managing Oracle Software and Applying Patches
Configuring the Enterprise Manager Patch Interface
About Oracle
Meta
Link
Credentials
Running the Refresh_From_Metalink Job
Obtaining the Patch
Preparing to Use OPatch
Checking the ORACLE_HOME Environment Variable
Performing a Backup
Staging the Patch on Each Node
Updating the PATH Environment Variable
Configuring SSH User Equivalency
Applying Patches
All Node Patching
Rolling Patching
Minimum Downtime Patching
Applying Patch Sets
Troubleshooting Patch Deployment
Updating the Node List for OPatch
About OPatch Log and Trace Files
Resolving the "Not a valid patch area" Error
Resolving the "Unable to remove a partially installed interim patch" Error
Index