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Oracle® Database Storage Administrator's Guide
11g Release 1 (11.1)
Part Number B31107-04
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Contents
Title and Copyright Information
Preface
Audience
Documentation Accessibility
Related Documents
Conventions
What's New in Oracle Database Storage Administration?
New Automatic Storage Management Features for Oracle Database 11
g
Release 1 (11.1)
1
Introduction to Automatic Storage Management (ASM)
Overview of Oracle Automatic Storage Management (ASM)
Understanding ASM Concepts
About ASM Instances
About ASM Disk Groups
About Mirroring and Failure Groups
About ASM Disks
Allocation Units
About ASM Files
Extents
ASM Striping
File Templates
ASM Disk Group Administration
About Discovering Disks
About Mounting Disk Groups
About Adding and Dropping Disks
Online Storage Reconfigurations and Dynamic Rebalancing
2
Preparing Storage for ASM
Preparing Disks for ASM
ASM and Multipathing
Using ASM with Multipathing
Recommendations for Storage Preparation
Storage Considerations for Database Administrators
3
Administering ASM Instances
Operating with Mixed Releases of ASM and Database Instances
Configuring Initialization Parameters for an ASM Instance
Initialization Parameter Files for an ASM Instance
Setting ASM Initialization Parameters
Automatic Memory Management for ASM
ASM Parameter Setting Recommendations
ASM_DISKGROUPS
ASM_DISKSTRING
ASM_POWER_LIMIT
ASM_PREFERRED_READ_FAILURE_GROUPS
DB_CACHE_SIZE
DIAGNOSTIC_DEST
INSTANCE_TYPE
LARGE_POOL_SIZE
PROCESSES
REMOTE_LOGIN_PASSWORDFILE
SHARED_POOL_SIZE
Setting Database Initialization Parameters for Use with ASM
Disk Group Attributes
Administering ASM Instances
Administering ASM Instances with Server Control Utility
Starting Up an ASM Instance
About Restricted Mode
Cluster Synchronization Services Requirements for ASM
Shutting Down an ASM Instance
ASM Background Processes
Using ASM Rolling Upgrades
Patching ASM Instances
Authentication for Accessing ASM Instances
About the SYSASM Privilege for ASM
Accessing an ASM Instance
Creating Users with the SYSASM Privilege
Operating System Authentication for ASM
Password File Authentication for ASM
Migrating a Database to Use ASM
Using Oracle Enterprise Manager to Migrate Databases to ASM
Manually Migrating to ASM Using Oracle Recovery Manager
Migrating to ASM Best Practices White Papers on Oracle Technology Network (OTN)
4
Administering ASM Disk Groups
Managing Automatic Storage Management (ASM) Disk Groups
Creating Disk Groups
Example: Creating a Disk Group
Altering Disk Groups
Adding Disks to a Disk Group
Dropping Disks from Disk Groups
Resizing Disks in Disk Groups
Undropping Disks in Disk Groups
Manually Rebalancing Disk Groups
Tuning Rebalance Operations
ASM Disk Discovery
How A Disk is Discovered
Disk Discovery Rules
Improving Disk Discovery Time
Managing Capacity in Disk Groups
Negative Values of USABLE_FILE_MB
ASM Disk Group Redundancy
ASM Mirroring and Failure Groups
ASM Failure Groups
How ASM Manages Disk Failures
Guidelines for Using Failure Groups
Failure Group Frequently Asked Questions
ASM Fast Mirror Resync
Preferred Read Failure Groups
Configuring and Administering Preferred Read Failure Groups
Performance and Scalability Considerations for Disk Groups
Determining the Number of Disk Groups
Performance Characteristics When Grouping Disks
ASM Storage Limits
Disk Group Compatibility
Overview of Disk Group Compatibility
Disk Group Compatibility Attributes
COMPATIBLE.ASM
COMPATIBLE.RDBMS
Setting Disk Group Compatibility Attributes
Valid Combinations of Compatibility Attribute Settings
Using CREATE DISKGROUP with Compatibility Attributes
Using ALTER DISKGROUP with Compatibility Attributes
Viewing Compatibility Attribute Settings
Considerations When Setting Disk Group Compatibility
Considerations When Setting Disk Group Compatibility in Replicated Environments
Mounting and Dismounting Disk Groups
Mounting Disk Groups Using the FORCE Option
Checking the Internal Consistency of Disk Group Metadata
Dropping Disk Groups
Using Views to Obtain ASM Information
5
Administering ASM Files, Directories, and Templates
What Types of Files Does ASM Support?
About ASM Filenames
Single File Creation Request
Multiple File Creation Request
Fully Qualified ASM Filename
Numeric ASM Filename
Alias ASM Filenames
Creating a Tablespace in ASM: Using a Datafile with an Alias Name
Alias ASM Filename with Template
Incomplete ASM Filename
Incomplete ASM Filename with Template
Creating and Referencing ASM Files in the Database
Creating ASM Files Using a Default Disk Group Specification
Creating a Datafile Using a Default Disk Group: Example
Using ASM Filenames in SQL Statements
Using an ASM Filename in a SQL Statement: Example
Managing Alias Names for ASM Filenames
Adding an Alias Name for an ASM Filename
Example 1: Adding an Alias Name for an ASM Filename
Example 2: Adding an Alias Name for an ASM Filename
Renaming an Alias Name for an ASM Filename
Example: Renaming an Alias Name for an ASM Filename
Dropping an Alias Name for an ASM Filename
Example 1: Dropping an Alias Name for an ASM Filename
Example 2: Dropping an Alias Name for an ASM Filename
Dropping Files and Associated Aliases from a Disk Group
Example 1: Dropping Files and Associated Aliases from a Disk Group
Example 2: Dropping Files and Associated Aliases from a Disk Group
Accessing ASM Files with the XML DB Virtual Folder
Inside /sys/asm
Restrictions
Sample FTP Session
Using DBMS_FILE Transfer Utility for ASM
Managing Disk Group Directories
Creating a New Directory
Example 1: Creating a New Directory
Example 2: Creating a New Directory
Renaming a Directory
Example: Renaming a Directory
Dropping a Directory
Example: Dropping a Directory
Managing Disk Group Templates
Template Attributes
Adding Templates to a Disk Group
Example 1: Adding a Template to a Disk Group
Example 2: Adding a Template to a Disk Group
Modifying a Disk Group Template
Example: Modifying a Disk Group Template
Dropping Templates from a Disk Group
Example: Dropping a Template from a Disk Group
Creating Tablespaces in ASM: Specifying Redundancy and Striping with Templates
Example: Using a User-Defined Template to Specify Redundancy and Striping
6
Administering ASM with Oracle Enterprise Manager
The Automatic Storage Management Home Page
Accessing the ASM Home Page in Single-Instance Oracle Databases
Accessing the Automatic Storage Management Home Page in Oracle RAC Databases
Configuring ASM Initialization Parameters
Bringing Disks Online and Offline
Managing ASM Users
Managing Disk Groups
Creating Disk Groups
Adding Disks to Disk Groups
Dropping Disks from Disk Groups
Dropping Disk Groups
Monitoring Disk Group Usage
Mounting and Dismounting Disk Groups
Administering Advanced Disk Group Properties
Configuring Disk Repair Time
Managing Disk Group Templates
Monitoring ASM Performance
Monitoring General ASM Performance
Checking Disk Group Integrity
Backing Up ASM Files
Performing Bad Block Recovery
Migrating to ASM
ASM: Oracle by Example Series
7
ASM Command-Line Utility
About ASMCMD
About ASM Files, Filenames, Directories, and Aliases
System-Generated Filename or Fully Qualified Filename
Directory
Alias
Absolute Path and Relative Path
Wildcard Characters
Running ASMCMD
Preparing to Run ASMCMD
Running ASMCMD in Interactive Mode
Displaying the ASMCMD Version Number
Specifying the Type of Connection
Including the Current Directory in the ASMCMD Prompt
Running ASMCMD in Noninteractive Mode
Getting Help
ASMCMD Command Reference
cd Command
cp Command
du Command
exit Command
find Command
help Command
ls Command
lsct Command
lsdg Command
lsdsk Command
md_backup Command
md_restore Command
mkalias Command
mkdir Command
pwd Command
remap Command
rm Command
rmalias Command
A
Deploying ASM Using SQL*Plus
Creating a Database that Uses ASM
Creating a Database that Uses ASM: Example
Creating Tablespaces in ASM
Creating a Tablespace in ASM: Out-of-the-Box Example
Creating Redo Logs in ASM
Adding New Redo Log Files: Example
Creating Control Files in ASM
Creating Control Files in ASM: Example 1
Creating Control Files in ASM: Example 2
Creating Archive Log Files in ASM
Glossary
Index