{"id":11611,"date":"2019-03-15T01:32:55","date_gmt":"2019-03-15T01:32:55","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.appservgrid.com\/paw92\/?p=11611"},"modified":"2019-03-15T01:32:55","modified_gmt":"2019-03-15T01:32:55","slug":"how-to-find-and-sort-files-based-on-modification-date-and-time-in-linux","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.appservgrid.com\/paw92\/index.php\/2019\/03\/15\/how-to-find-and-sort-files-based-on-modification-date-and-time-in-linux\/","title":{"rendered":"How to Find and Sort Files Based on Modification Date and Time in Linux"},"content":{"rendered":"

Usually, we are in habit of saving a lot of information in form of files on our system. Some, hidden files, some kept in a separate folder created for our ease of understanding, while some as it is. But, this whole stuff fills our directories; usually desktop, making it look like a mess. But, the problem arises when we need to search for a particular file modified on particular date and time in this huge collection.<\/p>\n

\n

\"Find<\/a><\/p>\n

Find and Sort Files by Date and Time in Linux<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

People comfortable with GUI\u2019s can find it using File Manager, which lists files in long listing format, making it easy to figure out what we wanted, but those users having habit of black screens, or even anyone working on servers which are devoid of GUI\u2019s would want a simple command or set of commands that could ease out their search.<\/p>\n

Real beauty of Linux shows here, as Linux has a collection of commands which if used separately or together can help to search for a file, or sort a collection of files according to their name, date of modification, time of creation, or even any filter you could think of applying to get your result.<\/p>\n

Here, we will unveil the real strength of Linux by examining a set of commands which can help sorting a file or even a list of files by\u00a0Date<\/strong>\u00a0and\u00a0Time<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

Linux Utilities to Sort Files in Linux<\/h3>\n

Some basic Linux command line utilities that are just sufficient for sorting a directory based on\u00a0Date<\/strong>\u00a0and\u00a0Time<\/strong>are:<\/p>\n

ls command<\/h4>\n

ls<\/strong>\u00a0\u2013 Listing contents of directory, this utility can list the files and directories and can even list all the status information about them including: date and time of modification or access, permissions, size, owner, group etc.<\/p>\n

We\u2019ve already covered many articles on Linux\u00a0ls command<\/strong>\u00a0and\u00a0sort command<\/strong>, you can find them below:<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Learn ls Command with 15 Basic Examples<\/a><\/li>\n
  2. Learn 7 Advance ls Commands with Examples<\/a><\/li>\n
  3. 15 Useful Interview Questions on ls Command in Linux<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    sort command<\/h4>\n

    sort<\/strong>\u00a0\u2013 This command can be used to sort the output of any search just by any field or any particular column of the field.<\/p>\n

    We\u2019ve already covered two articles on Linux\u00a0sort command<\/strong>, you can find them below:<\/p>\n

      \n
    1. 14 Linux \u2018sort\u2019 Command Examples \u2013 Part 1<\/a><\/li>\n
    2. 7 Useful Linux \u2018sort\u2019 Command Examples \u2013 Part 2<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      These commands are in themselves very powerful commands to master if you work on black screens and have to deal with lots of files, just to get the one you want.<\/p>\n

      Some Ways to Sort Files using Date and Time<\/h3>\n

      Below are the list of commands to sort based on Date and Time.<\/p>\n

      1. List Files Based on Modification Time<\/h4>\n

      The below command lists files in long listing format, and sorts files based on modification time, newest first. To sort in reverse order, use\u00a0'-r'<\/code>\u00a0switch with this command.<\/p>\n

      # ls -lt<\/strong>\r\n\r\ntotal 673768\r\n-rwxr----- 1 tecmint tecmint  3312130 Jan 19 15:24 When You Are Gone.MP3\r\n-rwxr----- 1 tecmint tecmint  4177212 Jan 19 15:24 When I Dream At Night - Marc Anthony-1.mp3\r\n-rwxr----- 1 tecmint tecmint  4177212 Jan 19 15:24 When I Dream At Night - Marc Anthony.mp3\r\n-rwxr----- 1 tecmint tecmint  6629090 Jan 19 15:24 Westlife_Tonight.MP3\r\n-rwxr----- 1 tecmint tecmint  3448832 Jan 19 15:24 We Are The World by USA For Africa (Michael Jackson).mp3\r\n-rwxr----- 1 tecmint tecmint  8580934 Jan 19 15:24 This Love.mp3\r\n-rwxr----- 1 tecmint tecmint  2194832 Jan 19 15:24 The Cross Of Changes.mp3\r\n-rwxr----- 1 tecmint tecmint  5087527 Jan 19 15:24 T.N.T. For The Brain 5.18.mp3\r\n-rwxr----- 1 tecmint tecmint  3437100 Jan 19 15:24 Summer Of '69.MP3\r\n-rwxr----- 1 tecmint tecmint  4360278 Jan 19 15:24 Smell Of Desire.4.32.mp3\r\n-rwxr----- 1 tecmint tecmint  4582632 Jan 19 15:24 Silence Must Be Heard 4.46.mp3\r\n-rwxr----- 1 tecmint tecmint  4147119 Jan 19 15:24 Shadows In Silence 4.19.mp3\r\n-rwxr----- 1 tecmint tecmint  4189654 Jan 19 15:24 Sarah Brightman  & Enigma - Eden (remix).mp3\r\n-rwxr----- 1 tecmint tecmint  4124421 Jan 19 15:24 Sade - Smooth Operator.mp3\r\n-rwxr----- 1 tecmint tecmint  4771840 Jan 19 15:24 Sade - And I Miss You.mp3\r\n-rwxr----- 1 tecmint tecmint  3749477 Jan 19 15:24 Run To You.MP3\r\n-rwxr----- 1 tecmint tecmint  7573679 Jan 19 15:24 Roger Sanchez_Another Chance_Full_Mix.mp3\r\n-rwxr----- 1 tecmint tecmint  3018211 Jan 19 15:24 Principal Of Lust.3.08.mp3\r\n-rwxr----- 1 tecmint tecmint  5688390 Jan 19 15:24 Please Forgive Me.MP3\r\n-rwxr----- 1 tecmint tecmint  3381827 Jan 19 15:24 Obvious.mp3\r\n-rwxr----- 1 tecmint tecmint  5499073 Jan 19 15:24 Namstey-London-Viraaniya.mp3\r\n-rwxr----- 1 tecmint tecmint  3129210 Jan 19 15:24 MOS-Enya - Only Time (Pop Radio mix).m\r\n<\/pre>\n
      2. List Files Based on Last Access Time<\/h4>\n
      Listing of files in directory based on last access time, i.e. based on time the file was last accessed, not modified.<\/p>\n
      # ls -ltu<\/strong>\r\n\r\ntotal 3084272\r\ndrwxr-xr-x  2 tecmint tecmint       4096 Jan 19 15:24 Music\r\ndrwxr-xr-x  2 tecmint tecmint       4096 Jan 19 15:22 Linux-ISO\r\ndrwxr-xr-x  2 tecmint tecmint       4096 Jan 19 15:22 Music-Player\r\ndrwx------  3 tecmint tecmint       4096 Jan 19 15:22 tor-browser_en-US\r\ndrwxr-xr-x  2 tecmint tecmint       4096 Jan 19 15:22 bin\r\ndrwxr-xr-x 11 tecmint tecmint       4096 Jan 19 15:22 Android Games\r\ndrwxr-xr-x  2 tecmint tecmint       4096 Jan 19 15:22 Songs\r\ndrwxr-xr-x  2 tecmint tecmint       4096 Jan 19 15:22 renamefiles\r\ndrwxr-xr-x  2 tecmint tecmint       4096 Jan 19 15:22 katoolin-master\r\ndrwxr-xr-x  2 tecmint tecmint       4096 Jan 19 15:22 Tricks\r\ndrwxr-xr-x  3 tecmint tecmint       4096 Jan 19 15:22 Linux-Tricks\r\ndrwxr-xr-x  6 tecmint tecmint       4096 Jan 19 15:22 tuptime\r\ndrwxr-xr-x  4 tecmint tecmint       4096 Jan 19 15:22 xdm\r\ndrwxr-xr-x  2 tecmint tecmint      20480 Jan 19 15:22 ffmpeg usage\r\ndrwxr-xr-x  2 tecmint tecmint       4096 Jan 19 15:22 xdm-helper\r\n<\/pre>\n
      3. List Files Based on Last Modification Time<\/h4>\n
      Listing of files in directory based on last modification time of file\u2019s status information, or the\u00a0'ctime'<\/code>. This command would list that file first whose any status information like: owner, group, permissions, size etc has been recently changed.<\/p>\n
      # ls -ltc<\/strong>\r\n\r\ntotal 3084272\r\ndrwxr-xr-x  2 tecmint tecmint       4096 Jan 19 15:24 Music\r\ndrwxr-xr-x  2 tecmint tecmint       4096 Jan 19 13:05 img\r\n-rw-------  1 tecmint tecmint     262191 Jan 19 12:15 tecmint.jpeg\r\ndrwxr-xr-x  5 tecmint tecmint       4096 Jan 19 10:57 Desktop\r\ndrwxr-xr-x  7 tecmint tecmint      12288 Jan 18 16:00 Downloads\r\ndrwxr-xr-x 13 tecmint tecmint       4096 Jan 18 15:36 VirtualBox VMs\r\n-rwxr-xr-x  1 tecmint tecmint        691 Jan 13 14:57 special.sh\r\n-rw-r--r--  1 tecmint tecmint     654325 Jan  4 16:55 powertop-2.7.tar.gz.save\r\n-rw-r--r--  1 tecmint tecmint     654329 Jan  4 11:17 filename.tar.gz\r\ndrwxr-xr-x  3 tecmint tecmint       4096 Jan  4 11:04 powertop-2.7\r\n-rw-r--r--  1 tecmint tecmint     447795 Dec 31 14:22 Happy-New-Year-2016.jpg\r\n-rw-r--r--  1 tecmint tecmint         12 Dec 18 18:46 ravi\r\n-rw-r--r--  1 tecmint tecmint       1823 Dec 16 12:45 setuid.txt\r\n...\r\n<\/pre>\n
      If\u00a0'-a'<\/code>\u00a0switch is used with above commands, they can list and sort even the hidden files in current directory, and\u00a0'-r'<\/code>\u00a0switch lists the output in reverse order.<\/p>\n
      For more in-depth sorting, like sorting on\u00a0Output<\/strong>\u00a0of\u00a0find<\/strong>\u00a0command, however\u00a0ls<\/code>\u00a0can also be used, but there\u00a0'sort'<\/code>\u00a0proves more helpful as the output may not have only file name but any fields desired by user.<\/p>\n
      Below commands show usage of\u00a0sort<\/code>\u00a0with\u00a0find<\/code>\u00a0command to sort the list of files based on\u00a0Date<\/strong>\u00a0and\u00a0Time<\/strong>.<\/p>\n
      To learn more about find command, follow this link:\u00a035 Practical Examples of \u2018find\u2019 Command in Linux<\/a><\/p>\n
      4. Sorting Files based on Month<\/h4>\n
      Here, we use\u00a0find<\/code>\u00a0command to find all files in root\u00a0(\u2018\/\u2019)<\/code>\u00a0directory and then print the result as:\u00a0Month<\/strong>\u00a0in which file was accessed and then filename. Of that complete result, here we list out top\u00a011<\/strong>\u00a0entries.<\/p>\n
      # find \/ -type f -printf \"\\n%Ab %p\" | head -n 11<\/strong>\r\n\r\nDec \/usr\/lib\/nvidia\/pre-install\r\nDec \/usr\/lib\/libcpufreq.so.0.0.0\r\nApr \/usr\/lib\/libchromeXvMCPro.so.1.0.0\r\nApr \/usr\/lib\/libt1.so.5.1.2\r\nApr \/usr\/lib\/libchromeXvMC.so.1.0.0\r\nApr \/usr\/lib\/libcdr-0.0.so.0.0.15\r\nDec \/usr\/lib\/msttcorefonts\/update-ms-fonts\r\nNov \/usr\/lib\/ldscripts\/elf32_x86_64.xr\r\nNov \/usr\/lib\/ldscripts\/elf_i386.xbn\r\nNov \/usr\/lib\/ldscripts\/i386linux.xn\r\n<\/pre>\n
      The below command sorts the output using key as first field, specified by\u00a0'-k1'<\/code>\u00a0and then it sorts on Month as specified by\u00a0'M'<\/code>\u00a0ahead of it.<\/p>\n
      # find \/ -type f -printf \"\\n%Ab %p\" | head -n 11 | sort -k1M<\/strong>\r\n\r\nApr \/usr\/lib\/libcdr-0.0.so.0.0.15\r\nApr \/usr\/lib\/libchromeXvMCPro.so.1.0.0\r\nApr \/usr\/lib\/libchromeXvMC.so.1.0.0\r\nApr \/usr\/lib\/libt1.so.5.1.2\r\nNov \/usr\/lib\/ldscripts\/elf32_x86_64.xr\r\nNov \/usr\/lib\/ldscripts\/elf_i386.xbn\r\nNov \/usr\/lib\/ldscripts\/i386linux.xn\r\nDec \/usr\/lib\/libcpufreq.so.0.0.0\r\nDec \/usr\/lib\/msttcorefonts\/update-ms-fonts\r\nDec \/usr\/lib\/nvidia\/pre-install\r\n<\/pre>\n
      5. Sort Files Based on Date<\/h4>\n
      Here, again we use\u00a0find<\/code>\u00a0command to find all the files in root directory, but now we will print the result as:\u00a0last date<\/strong>\u00a0the file was accessed,\u00a0last time<\/strong>\u00a0the file was accessed and then filename. Of that we take out top 11 entries.<\/p>\n
      # find \/ -type f -printf \"\\n%AD %AT %p\" | head -n 11<\/strong>\r\n\r\n12\/08\/15 11:30:38.0000000000 \/usr\/lib\/nvidia\/pre-install\r\n12\/07\/15 10:34:45.2694776230 \/usr\/lib\/libcpufreq.so.0.0.0\r\n04\/11\/15 06:08:34.9819910430 \/usr\/lib\/libchromeXvMCPro.so.1.0.0\r\n04\/11\/15 06:08:34.9939910430 \/usr\/lib\/libt1.so.5.1.2\r\n04\/11\/15 06:08:35.0099910420 \/usr\/lib\/libchromeXvMC.so.1.0.0\r\n04\/11\/15 06:08:35.0099910420 \/usr\/lib\/libcdr-0.0.so.0.0.15\r\n12\/18\/15 11:19:25.2656728990 \/usr\/lib\/msttcorefonts\/update-ms-fonts\r\n11\/12\/15 12:56:34.0000000000 \/usr\/lib\/ldscripts\/elf32_x86_64.xr\r\n11\/12\/15 12:56:34.0000000000 \/usr\/lib\/ldscripts\/elf_i386.xbn\r\n11\/12\/15 12:56:34.0000000000 \/usr\/lib\/ldscripts\/i386linux.xn\r\n<\/pre>\n
      The below sort command first sorts on basis of last digit of the year, then sorts on basis of last digit of month in reverse order and finally sorts on basis of first field. Here, \u20181.8<\/strong>\u2018 means 8th column of first field and\u00a0\u2018n\u2019<\/strong>\u00a0ahead of it means numerical sort, while\u00a0\u2018r\u2019<\/strong>\u00a0indicates reverse order sorting.<\/p>\n
      # find \/ -type f -printf \"\\n%AD %AT %p\" | head -n 11 | sort -k1.8n -k1.1nr -k1<\/strong>\r\n\r\n12\/07\/15 10:34:45.2694776230 \/usr\/lib\/libcpufreq.so.0.0.0\r\n12\/08\/15 11:30:38.0000000000 \/usr\/lib\/nvidia\/pre-install\r\n12\/18\/15 11:19:25.2656728990 \/usr\/lib\/msttcorefonts\/update-ms-fonts\r\n11\/12\/15 12:56:34.0000000000 \/usr\/lib\/ldscripts\/elf32_x86_64.xr\r\n11\/12\/15 12:56:34.0000000000 \/usr\/lib\/ldscripts\/elf_i386.xbn\r\n11\/12\/15 12:56:34.0000000000 \/usr\/lib\/ldscripts\/i386linux.xn\r\n04\/11\/15 06:08:34.9819910430 \/usr\/lib\/libchromeXvMCPro.so.1.0.0\r\n04\/11\/15 06:08:34.9939910430 \/usr\/lib\/libt1.so.5.1.2\r\n04\/11\/15 06:08:35.0099910420 \/usr\/lib\/libcdr-0.0.so.0.0.15\r\n04\/11\/15 06:08:35.0099910420 \/usr\/lib\/libchromeXvMC.so.1.0.0\r\n<\/pre>\n
      6. Sorting Files Based on Time<\/h4>\n
      Here, again we use\u00a0find<\/code>\u00a0command to list out top 11 files in root directory and print the result in format: last time file was accessed and then filename.<\/p>\n
      # find \/ -type f -printf \"\\n%AT %p\" | head -n 11<\/strong>\r\n\r\n11:30:38.0000000000 \/usr\/lib\/nvidia\/pre-install\r\n10:34:45.2694776230 \/usr\/lib\/libcpufreq.so.0.0.0\r\n06:08:34.9819910430 \/usr\/lib\/libchromeXvMCPro.so.1.0.0\r\n06:08:34.9939910430 \/usr\/lib\/libt1.so.5.1.2\r\n06:08:35.0099910420 \/usr\/lib\/libchromeXvMC.so.1.0.0\r\n06:08:35.0099910420 \/usr\/lib\/libcdr-0.0.so.0.0.15\r\n11:19:25.2656728990 \/usr\/lib\/msttcorefonts\/update-ms-fonts\r\n12:56:34.0000000000 \/usr\/lib\/ldscripts\/elf32_x86_64.xr\r\n12:56:34.0000000000 \/usr\/lib\/ldscripts\/elf_i386.xbn\r\n12:56:34.0000000000 \/usr\/lib\/ldscripts\/i386linux.xn\r\n<\/pre>\n
      The below command sorts the output based on first column of the first field of the output which is first digit of hour.<\/p>\n
      # find \/ -type f -printf \"\\n%AT %p\" | head -n 11 | sort -k1.1n<\/strong>\r\n\r\n06:08:34.9819910430 \/usr\/lib\/libchromeXvMCPro.so.1.0.0\r\n06:08:34.9939910430 \/usr\/lib\/libt1.so.5.1.2\r\n06:08:35.0099910420 \/usr\/lib\/libcdr-0.0.so.0.0.15\r\n06:08:35.0099910420 \/usr\/lib\/libchromeXvMC.so.1.0.0\r\n10:34:45.2694776230 \/usr\/lib\/libcpufreq.so.0.0.0\r\n11:19:25.2656728990 \/usr\/lib\/msttcorefonts\/update-ms-fonts\r\n11:30:38.0000000000 \/usr\/lib\/nvidia\/pre-install\r\n12:56:34.0000000000 \/usr\/lib\/ldscripts\/elf32_x86_64.xr\r\n12:56:34.0000000000 \/usr\/lib\/ldscripts\/elf_i386.xbn\r\n12:56:34.0000000000 \/usr\/lib\/ldscripts\/i386linux.xn\r\n<\/pre>\n
      7. Sorting Ouptut of ls -l based on Date<\/h4>\n
      This command sorts the output of\u00a0'ls -l'<\/code>\u00a0command based on 6th field month wise, then based on 7th field which is date, numerically.<\/p>\n
      # ls -l | sort -k6M -k7n<\/strong>\r\n\r\ntotal 116\r\n-rw-r--r-- 1 root root     0 Oct  1 19:51 backup.tgz\r\ndrwxr-xr-x 2 root root  4096 Oct  7 15:27 Desktop\r\n-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 15853 Oct  7 15:19 powertop_report.csv\r\n-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 79112 Oct  7 15:25 powertop.html\r\n-rw-r--r-- 1 root root     0 Oct 16 15:26 file3\r\n-rw-r--r-- 1 root root    13 Oct 16 15:17 B\r\n-rw-r--r-- 1 root root    21 Oct 16 15:16 A\r\n-rw-r--r-- 1 root root    64 Oct 16 15:38 C\r\n<\/pre>\n
      Conclusion<\/h3>\n
      Likewise, by having some knowledge of\u00a0sort<\/strong>\u00a0command, you can sort almost any listing based on any field and even its any column you desire. These were some of tricks to help you sort files based on Date or Time. You can have your own tricks build based on these. However, if you have any other interesting trick, you can always mention that in your comments.<\/p>\n
      Source<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
      Usually, we are in habit of saving a lot of information in form of files on our system. Some, hidden files, some kept in a separate folder created for our ease of understanding, while some as it is. But, this whole stuff fills our directories; usually desktop, making it look like a mess. But, the … <\/p>\n
      Continue reading “How to Find and Sort Files Based on Modification Date and Time in Linux”<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-11611","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-linux"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.appservgrid.com\/paw92\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11611","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.appservgrid.com\/paw92\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.appservgrid.com\/paw92\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.appservgrid.com\/paw92\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.appservgrid.com\/paw92\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=11611"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.appservgrid.com\/paw92\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11611\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11615,"href":"https:\/\/www.appservgrid.com\/paw92\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11611\/revisions\/11615"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.appservgrid.com\/paw92\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=11611"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.appservgrid.com\/paw92\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=11611"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.appservgrid.com\/paw92\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=11611"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}