{"id":471,"date":"2018-11-07T12:36:01","date_gmt":"2018-11-07T12:36:01","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.appservgrid.com\/paw97\/?p=471"},"modified":"2018-11-07T12:37:24","modified_gmt":"2018-11-07T12:37:24","slug":"greek-cities-in-italy","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.appservgrid.com\/paw97\/index.php\/2018\/11\/07\/greek-cities-in-italy\/","title":{"rendered":"Greek Cities in Italy"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/c19qep54Z9o?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>Channel:\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/channel\/UCoqKR0I08yhVXQp_S00ztKA\">Music for the Soul<\/a><br \/>\nDuration: 47:27<br \/>\nDescription: Magna Gr\u00e6cia (Latin meaning &#8220;Great Greece&#8221;, Greek: \u039c\u03b5\u03b3\u03ac\u03bb\u03b7 \u1f19\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac\u03c2, Meg\u00e1l\u0113 Hell\u00e1s) is the name of the coastal areas of Southern Italy on the Tarentine Gulf that were extensively colonized by Greek settlers; particularly the Achaean colonies of Tarentum, Croton, and Sybaris, but also, more loosely, the cities of Cumae and Neapolis to the north. The colonists, who began arriving in the 8th century BC, brought with them their Hellenic civilization, which was to leave a lasting imprint in Italy, particularly on the culture of ancient Rome.<br \/>\nIn the eighth and seventh centuries BC, for various reasons, including demographic crisis (famine, overcrowding, etc.), the search for new commercial outlets and ports, and expulsion from their homeland, Greeks began to settle in southern Italy (Cerchiai, pp. 14&#8211;18). Also during this period, Greek colonies were established in places as widely separated as the eastern coast of the Black Sea, Eastern Libya and Massalia (Marseille). They included settlements in Sicily and the southern part of the Italian Peninsula. The Romans called the area of Sicily and the foot of Italy Magna Graecia (Latin, &#8220;Great Greece&#8221;), since it was so densely inhabited by the Greeks. The ancient geographers differed on whether the term included Sicily or merely Apulia and Calabria \u2014 Strabo being the most prominent advocate of the wider definitions.<br \/>\nWith this colonization, Greek culture was exported to Italy, in its dialects of the Ancient Greek language, its religious rites and its traditions of the independent polis. An original Hellenic civilization soon developed, later interacting with the native Italic civilisations. The most important cultural transplant was the Chalcidean\/Cumaean variety of the Greek alphabet, which was adopted by the Etruscans; the Old Italic alphabet subsequently evolved into the Latin alphabet, which became the most widely used alphabet in the world.<br \/>\nMany of the new Hellenic cities became very rich and powerful, like Neapolis (\u039d\u03b5\u03ac\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03c2, Naples, &#8220;New City&#8221;), Syracuse, Acragas, and Sybaris (\u03a3\u03cd\u03b2\u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03c2). Other cities in Magna Graecia included Tarentum (\u03a4\u03ac\u03c1\u03b1\u03c2), Epizephyrian Locri (\u039b\u03bf\u03ba\u03c1\u03bf\u03af \u1f18\u03c0\u03b9\u03b6\u03b5\u03c6\u03cd\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03b9), Rhegium (\u1fec\u03ae\u03b3\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd), Croton (\u039a\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd), Thurii (\u0398\u03bf\u03cd\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03b9), Elea (\u1f18\u03bb\u03ad\u03b1), Nola (\u039d\u1ff6\u03bb\u03b1), Ancona (\u1f08\u03b3\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd), Syessa (\u03a3\u03cd\u03b5\u03c3\u03c3\u03b1), Bari (\u0392\u03ac\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd), and others.<br \/>\nFollowing the Pyrrhic War in the 3rd century BC, Magna Graecia was absorbed into the Roman Republic.<br \/>\nThe Middle Ages<br \/>\nDuring the Early Middle Ages, following the disastrous Gothic War, new waves of Byzantine Christian Greeks came to Southern Italy from Greece and Asia Minor, as Southern Italy remained loosely governed by the Eastern Roman Empire. The iconoclast emperor Leo III appropriated lands that had been granted to the Papacy in southern Italy[2] and the Eastern Emperor loosely governed the area until the advent of the Lombards then, in the form of the Catapanate of Italy, superseded by the Normans.<br \/>\nA remarkable example of this influence is the Griko-speaking minority which still exists today in the Italian regions of Calabria and Apulia. Griko is the name of a language combining ancient Doric, Byzantine Greek, and Italian elements, spoken by few people in some villages in the Province of Reggio Calabria and Salento. There is a rich oral tradition and Griko folklore, limited now, though once numerous, to around 30,000 people most of them having become absorbed into the surrounding Italian element. Some believe that the origins of the Griko language may ultimately be traced to the colonies of Magna Graecia.<br \/>\nPublished: May 27, 2017 8:50 am<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&nbsp; Channel:\u00a0Music for the Soul Duration: 47:27 Description: Magna Gr\u00e6cia (Latin meaning &#8220;Great Greece&#8221;, Greek: \u039c\u03b5\u03b3\u03ac\u03bb\u03b7 \u1f19\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac\u03c2, Meg\u00e1l\u0113 Hell\u00e1s) is the name of the coastal areas of Southern Italy on the Tarentine Gulf that were extensively colonized by Greek settlers; particularly the Achaean colonies of Tarentum, Croton, and Sybaris, but also, more loosely, the cities &hellip; <\/p>\n<p class=\"link-more\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.appservgrid.com\/paw97\/index.php\/2018\/11\/07\/greek-cities-in-italy\/\" class=\"more-link\">Continue reading<span class=\"screen-reader-text\"> &#8220;Greek Cities in Italy&#8221;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-471","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-ancientgreece"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.appservgrid.com\/paw97\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/471","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.appservgrid.com\/paw97\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.appservgrid.com\/paw97\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.appservgrid.com\/paw97\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.appservgrid.com\/paw97\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=471"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.appservgrid.com\/paw97\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/471\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":473,"href":"https:\/\/www.appservgrid.com\/paw97\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/471\/revisions\/473"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.appservgrid.com\/paw97\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=471"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.appservgrid.com\/paw97\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=471"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.appservgrid.com\/paw97\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=471"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}