Contents

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Preface

Intended Audience

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1 Introduction

1.1 What is High Availability

1.2 High Availability in Oracle Application Server 10g

1.3 Types of Failures

1.4 Organization of this Guide

1.5 High Availability Information in Other Documentation

2 Middle Tier High Availability

2.1 OracleAS Middle Tier Overview

2.1.1 OracleAS Middle Tier Terminology

2.1.2 Services Available

2.1.2.4 Business Intelligence

2.1.2.5 Oracle Application Server Forms Services

2.1.2.6 Single Sign-On

2.1.2.7 Caching

2.2 Features and Components for Middle Tier High Availability

2.2.1 Oracle Application Server Instance High Availability

2.2.2 Oracle Application Server Clusters

2.2.2.1 Types of Oracle Application Server Clusters

2.2.2.2 Cluster-Wide Configuration for Oracle Application Server Clusters that are Managed Using a Repository

2.2.2.3 Requirements for Oracle Application Server Instances to Join Oracle Application Server Clusters that are Managed Using a Repository

2.2.2.4 Properties of Oracle Application Server Instances in Oracle Application Server Clusters that are Managed Using a Repository

2.2.3 Oracle Application Server Web Cache Clusters

2.2.4 OC4J Islands

2.2.4.1 Web Application Session State Replication with OC4J Islands

2.2.4.2 Stateful Session EJB High Availability Using EJB Clustering

2.2.4.3 JNDI Namespace Replication

2.2.4.4 OC4J Distributed Caching Using Java Object Cache

2.2.5 Process Monitoring and Restart

2.2.5.1 Oracle Process Manager

2.2.5.2 Oracle Notification System

2.2.6 High Availability Through Distributed Configuration

2.2.7 Other High Availability Components

2.2.7.1 Improving Availability with an External Load Balancer

2.2.7.2 Improving Availability with Operating System Clusters

2.3 HTTP Service High Availability

2.3.1 Web Cache and Oracle HTTP Server High Availability Summary

2.3.2 OC4J Load Balancing Using mod_oc4j

2.3.2.1 OC4J Load Balancing Using Local Afinity and Weighted Routing Options

2.3.2.2 Choosing a mod_oc4j Routing Algorithm

2.4 J2EE High Availability

2.4.1 EJB Client Routing

2.5 Oracle Application Server Portal High Availability

2.6 Oracle Application Server Wireless High Availability

2.7 Business Intelligence High Availability

2.7.1 Oracle Application Server Reports Services High Availability

2.7.1.1 High Availability Solution

2.7.2 Oracle Application Server Discoverer High Availability

2.8 Oracle Application Server Forms Services High Availability

2.9 Oracle Application Server Integration High Availability

2.10 Middle Tier Recovery Solutions

2.10.1 Restarting Processes

2.10.2 Restoring from Cold Backup

2.10.3 Restoring from Online Backup

2.10.4 Disaster Recovery

2.10.5 DCM Archive/Recover

2.10.6 Configuration Cloning

3 Infrastructure High Availability

3.1 Oracle Application Server 10g Infrastructure Overview

3.2 Oracle Application Server 10g Infrastructure Components

3.2.1 Oracle Application Server Metadata Repository

3.2.1.1 When to Use Oracle Application Server Metadata Repository

3.2.2 Oracle Identity Management

3.2.2.1 Oracle Internet Directory

3.2.2.2 Oracle Application Server Single Sign-On

3.2.3 Oracle HTTP Server

3.2.4 Oracle Application Server Containers for J2EE (OC4J)

3.2.5 Oracle Enterprise Manager - Application Server Console

3.3 High Availability Configurations for Infrastructure

3.3.1 Oracle Application Server Cold Failover Clusters

3.3.1.1 Terminology

3.3.1.2 Architecture (UNIX)

3.3.1.3 Architecture (Windows)

3.3.1.4 Middle Tier on OracleAS Cold Failover Cluster Nodes

3.3.2 Oracle Application Server Active Failover Cluster (UNIX)

3.3.2.1 Load Balancer Configuration

4 Managing and Operating Middle Tier High Availability

4.1 Middle Tier High Availability Configuration Overview

4.1.1 Configuration Overview OracleAS Clusters Managed Using a Repository

4.1.1.1 Oracle Application Server Clusters Managed Using Database Repository

4.1.1.2 Oracle Application Server Clusters Managed Using File-Based Repository

4.1.1.3 Common Tasks for OracleAS Cluster Configuration

4.1.2 Manually Configured OracleAS Clusters Configuration Overview

4.1.3 OracleAS Web Cache Cluster Overview

4.2 Managing and Configuring OracleAS Clusters

4.2.1 Creating and Managing OracleAS Clusters

4.2.1.1 Associating an Instance with a Farm

4.2.1.2 Creating OracleAS Clusters Using Application Server Console

4.2.1.3 Managing OracleAS Clusters Using Application Server Console

4.2.2 Managing Application Server Instances in an OracleAS Cluster

4.2.2.1 Adding an Application Server Instance to an OracleAS Cluster

4.2.2.2 Removing an Application Server Instance from an OracleAS Cluster

4.3 Using a File-Based Repository with OracleAS Clusters

4.3.1 Initializing File-Based Repository Host and Adding Instances to a Farm

4.3.1.1 Testing an Instance With whichFarm and Leaving a Farm

4.3.1.2 Initializing the Repository Host Instance for a File-Based Repository

4.3.1.3 Joining a Farm Managed Using a File-Based Repository

4.3.2 Managing Instances in a Farm That Uses a File-Based Repository

4.3.2.1 Managing Oracle Application Server Instances and Clusters With a File-Based Repository

4.3.2.2 Availability Issues for OracleAS Clusters With a File-Based Repository

4.3.2.3 Exporting and Importing Configuration Information With a File-Based Repository

4.3.2.4 Moving an Instance Between Repositories

4.3.2.5 Enabling SSL For Communication Between Instances That are Using a File-Based Repository

4.4 OC4J Configuration with an OracleAS Cluster

4.4.1 Overview of OracleAS Cluster Configuration for OC4J Instances

4.4.2 Cluster-Wide Configuration Changes and Modifying OC4J Instances

4.4.2.1 Creating or Deleting OC4J Instances on OracleAS Clusters

4.4.2.2 Deploying Applications on OracleAS Clusters

4.4.2.3 Configuring Web Application State Replication for OracleAS Clusters

4.4.2.4 Configuring EJB Application State Replication for OracleAS Clusters

4.4.2.5 Configuring Stateful Session Bean Replication for OracleAS Clusters

4.4.3 Configuring OC4J Instance-Specific Parameters

4.4.3.1 Configuring OC4J Islands and OC4J Processes

4.4.3.2 Configuring Port Numbers and Command Line Options

4.5 Oracle HTTP Server Configuration with OracleAS Clusters

4.5.1 mod_oc4j Load Balancing With OracleAS Clusters

4.5.1.1 Load Balancing Overview

4.5.1.2 Setting Load Balancing Options

4.5.2 Configuring Oracle HTTP Server Instance-Specific Parameters

4.6 Security – Configuring Single Sign-On

4.7 Advanced Clustering Configuration

4.7.1 Routing Between Instances in Same Farm

4.7.2 Routing Between Instances Across Firewalls

4.7.2.1 Opening Intranet Communication through the OracleAS Port Tunnel

4.7.2.2 Opening OracleAS Ports To Communicate Through Intranet

5 Managing Infrastructure High Availability

5.1 Oracle Application Server Cold Failover Clusters

5.1.1 Starting Up

5.2 Oracle Application Server Active Failover Cluster (UNIX)

5.2.1 Starting Up

5.2.2 Shutting Down

5.2.3 Monitoring

5.2.4 Failing Over During an Outage

5.2.5 Restoring Resiliency After an Outage

5.2.6 Synchronizing Configuration Files Using the Oracle Application Server Active Failover Cluster Runtime Control Utility (afcctl)

5.2.6.1 Setting Up afcctl

5.2.6.2 Using afcctl

5.2.6.3 Example

5.2.6.4 Best Practises for Using afcctl

6 Oracle Application Server Disaster Recovery

6.1 Oracle Application Server 10g Disaster Recovery Solution

6.1.1 Terminology

6.1.2 Requirements

6.2 Setting Up the OracleAS Disaster Recovery Environment

6.2.1 Planning and Assigning Hostnames

6.2.1.1 Physical Hostnames

6.2.1.2 Logical Hostnames

6.2.1.3 Virtual Hostname

6.2.2 Configuring Hostname Resolution

6.2.2.1 Using Local Hostnaming File Resolution

6.2.2.2 Using DNS Resolution

6.2.3 Secure Shell (SSH) Port Forwarding

6.3 Installing Oracle Application Server 10g Software

6.3.1 Setting Up Oracle Data Guard

6.3.1.1 Enable ARCHIVELOG Mode for Production Database

6.3.1.2 Identifying the Production Database Datafiles

6.3.1.3 Make a Copy of the Production Database

6.3.1.4 Create a Control File for the Standby Database

6.3.1.5 Prepare the Initialization Parameter File to be Copied to the Standby Database

6.3.1.6 Copy Files from the Production System to the Standby System

6.3.1.7 Set Initialization Parameters for the Physical Standby Database

6.3.1.8 Create a Windows Service (for Microsoft Windows systems)

6.3.1.9 Create a New Password File on the Standby System

6.3.1.10 Configure Listeners for the Production and Standby Databases

6.3.1.11 Enable Dead Connection Detection on the Standby System

6.3.1.12 Create Oracle Net Service Names

6.3.1.13 Create a Server Parameter File for the Standby Database

6.3.1.14 Start the Physical Standby Database

6.3.1.15 Enable Archiving to the Physical Standby Database

6.3.1.16 Start Remote Archiving

6.3.1.17 Verify the Physical Standby Database

6.4 Synchronizing Baseline Installation with Standby Site

6.5 Backing Up Production Site

6.5.1 Shipping Infrastructure Database Archive Logs

6.5.2 Backing Up Configuration Files (Infrastructure and Middle Tier)

6.6 Restoring to Standby Site

6.6.1 Restoring Configuration Files (Infrastructure and Middle Tier)

6.6.2 Restoring the Infrastructure Database - Applying Log Files

6.7 Scheduled Outages

6.7.1 Site Switchover Operations

6.8 Unplanned Outages

6.8.1 Site Failover Operations

6.8.1.1 Setting Up the New Standby Database

6.9 Wide Area DNS Operations

6.9.1 Using a Wide Area Load Balancer

6.9.2 Manually Changing DNS Names

A Setting Up a DNS Server

Index